Vitiligo is a skin disorder in which colourless patches of skin appear. 

Each person’s entire amount of skin that vitiligo might affect is different. Additionally, it may have an impact on the hair, tongue, and eyes. The majority of the time, the affected areas are permanently stained. 
There are several distinct theories regarding the causes of vitiligo, despite the fact that they are not all fully established: 

1. Autoimmune disorder: The immune system of the sick person may produce antibodies that kill melanocytes. 
2. Genetic considerations: Some variables that may raise the risk of developing vitiligo can be passed down via families. Vitiligo runs in families in about 30% of instances. 
3. Neurogenic factors: At epidermal nerve terminals, a chemical that is harmful to melanocytes may be secreted.
4. Self-destruction: Melanocytes that have a flaw in them destroy themselves. 
5. Certain situations, like physical or emotional stress, may also cause vitiligo. It’s probable that a combination of these causes is to blame for vitiligo because none of the theories seem to fully explain the disorder.